The call to find below to match multiple rows can match two rows in the database. However, the deprecated usage of the fetchRow and fetchAll methods will continue to work without modification. The following statements are all legal and functionally identical, however it is recommended to update your code to take advantage of the new usage where possible. The enhancements and restrictions are:. You can elect to return a subset of columns within a fetchRow or fetchAll query.
This can provide optimization benefits where returning a large set of results for all columns is not desirable. You can specify columns that evaluate expressions from within the selected table. However this will mean that the returned row or rowset will be readOnly and cannot be used for save operations. You can allow JOIN clauses on a select to allow multi-table lookups. You can not specify columns from a JOINed tabled to be returned in a row or rowset. Doing so will trigger a PHP error.
Fluent interfaces are implemented across the component, so this can be rewritten this in a more abbreviated form. You can query for a set of rows using any criteria other than the primary key values, using the fetchAll method of the Table class. You may also pass sorting criteria in an ORDER BY clause, as well as count and offset integer values, used to make the query return a specific subset of rows.
All of the arguments above are optional. For more specific and optimized requests, you may wish to limit the number of columns returned in a row or rowset. This can be achieved by passing a FROM clause to the select object. The rowset contains rows that are still 'valid' - they simply contain a subset of the columns of a table.
If a save method is called on a partial row then only the fields available will be modified. You can also specify expressions within a FROM clause and have these returned as a readOnly row or rowset.
In this example we will return a rows from the bugs table that show an aggregate of the number of new bugs reported by individuals.
The 'count' column will be made available to the row for evaluation and can be accessed as if it were part of the schema. You can also use a lookup as part of your query to further refine your fetch operations. In this example the accounts table is queried as part of a search for all new bugs reported by 'Bob'. The resulting row or rowset will be returned as a 'locked' row meaning the save , delete and any field-setting methods will throw an exception.
You can query for a single row using criteria similar to that of the fetchAll method. The info method returns an array structure with information about the table, its columns and primary key, and other metadata.
The keys of the array returned by the info method are described below:. This is the information returned by the describeTable method. See this chapter. The table object fetches the table metadata from the database using the adapter's describeTable method. Operations requiring this introspection include:. In some circumstances, particularly when many table objects are instantiated against the same database table, querying the database for the table metadata for each instance may be undesirable from a performance standpoint.
In such cases, users may benefit by caching the table metadata retrieved from the database. There are two primary ways in which a user may take advantage of table metadata caching:. In both cases, the cache specification must be either NULL i. The methods may be used in conjunction when it is desirable to have both a default metadata cache and the ability to change the cache for individual table objects.
The following code demonstrates how to set a default metadata cache to be used for all table objects:. The following code demonstrates how to set a metadata cache for a specific table object instance:. To take metadata caching a step further, you can also choose to hardcode metadata. In this particular case, however, any changes to the table schema will require a change in your code.
As such, it is only recommended for those who are optimizing for production usage. An easy way to get the appropriate values is to use the metadata cache, and then to deserialize values stored in the cache. You can disable this optimization by turning of the metadataCacheInClass flag:. You can specify Row and Rowset classes using the Table constructor's options array, in keys ' rowClass ' and ' rowsetClass ' respectively. Specify the names of the classes using strings.
In PHP 7, null is a reserved keyword, which required renaming the Null filter. Please update your code to refer to the ToNull class instead. Users pulling their Null filter instance from the filter plugin manager receive a ToNull instance instead starting in 2. Made with by awesome contributors. This website is built using zend-expressive and it runs on PHP 7. Each method in the Where API will produce a corresponding Predicate object of a similarly named type, described below, with the full API of the object:.
Made with by awesome contributors. This website is built using zend-expressive and it runs on PHP 7. We use cookies to allow you to dismiss dialogs such as the Laminas Project notification. Toggle navigation. The method signature is listed as: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.
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