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A similar transduction process converts non-polar solutes into nerve impulses. Many drugs are non-polar solutes and some are bitter in taste.
Neural input from one taste bud does not transmit directly through a single axon into the central nervous system, instead many taste cells in many taste buds are stimulated by the diverse quality of masticated food. A deficiency in the function of taste may be caused by age, drugs, disease, or trauma.
For example as humans age, there is a decrease in the number of papillae containing taste buds and a reduction in the sensitivity to many taste solutes; however, older people still enjoy sweet, tasting foods. The role of saliva in taste perception is very important because saliva assist in dissolving solutes and in transporting these to the taste pore.
It is difficult to taste anything if the mouth is dry. Patients that receive radiation treatment for oral cancer have a severe deficiency in taste because the treatment produces salivary gland atrophy and reduces the number of tongue papillae. These patients will complain of oral soreness and the loss of taste.
Neural trauma to one of the afferent cranial nerves for taste e. The reception of sour taste was originally linked to the concentration of hydrogen ions.
However, it has since been shown that there is no direct relationship between pH, titrable acidity, and sour taste. Solutions of organic acids at the same pH elicit differing sour taste responses.
Likewise, solutions of organic acids of the same normality also result in difference sour taste responses. It is obvious that undissociated acids play a role in sour taste, but the mechanism is unclear. Johanningsmeier and R. McFeeters Journal of Food Science , 72 2 : R European Journal of Physiology , Page Rating. Categories Basic Tastes. Page Rating Categories Basic Tastes.
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